www.blondertongue.comBROADBAND REFERENCE GUIDERev 8.0One Jake Brown Road, Old Bridge, NJ 08857(732) 679-4000 • Fax (732) 679-4353www.blondertongue.co
3Headend Product Overview - Comparison TablesAM-60-860 860 76 Agile Single +60 dBmVAM-45-550 550 76 Agile Single +45 dBmVAM-60-550 550 76
93AMT InstallationMounting ConfigurationsCommon Port In, AerialCommon PortRF INRF OUTPedestal Port Aerial PortCouplerSwitchCommon Port In, PedestalCom
94AMT InstallationMounting ConfigurationsSwitch BladeConnectorTerminalPedestalPostPedestalConfigurationAerialConfigurationCenterPostAerialPostPlatform
95The DecibelThe decibel (dB) provides a means of representing large power ratios as manageable, small numbers, and allows the overall gains and l
96dBmVA power measurement of ‘x dBmV’ indicates that a particular signal is x dB greater than (‘above’) 1 millivolt in 75 ohms. A negativ
97A power level, in dBmV, can be converted directly to power in dBm, if the impedance, Z. is known:To convert x dBmV directly to dBm:The in
98± 5% Standard Resistor Values (Ohm) Commonly available values. Values from 10 Ohm to 22 Mega Ohm by powers of 10. FIRST SECOND MULTIPLICATION TO
99±1% Standard Resistor Values (Ohm) Values from 10 Ohm to 22 Mega Ohm by powers of 10. 10.0 13.3 17.8 23.7 31.6 42.2 56.2 75.0 10.2 13.7 18
1001. Cross Modulation for One Amplifier at Operating Level:2. To Sum Identical Cross Modulation Ratios:See charts & examples starting on pages 84
1011. Composite Triple Beat for One Amplifier at Operating Level:2. To Sum Identical Composite Triple Beat Ratios:See charts & examples starting o
1021. Single Second Order Beat for One Amplifier at Operating Level:2. To Sum Identical SSO Ratios:See charts & examples starting on pages 84.
44Switch Settings - AP/AD-1Blonder Tongue has improved the simplicity of the channel tuning switch settings for the following products:1234SWITCH 1STD
1031. Composite Second Order for One Amplifier at Operating Level:2. To Sum Identical CSO Ratios:See charts & examples starting on pages 84.
104It is assumed that CIN is dominated by 3rd order distortion (CIN3). This is the case in systems with analog television channels to 550 MHz and digi
1051. To Sum Identical Carrier/Hum Ratios:See charts & examples starting on pages 84. 2. To Sum Different Carrier/Hum Ratios:See examples sta
1061. The Carrier/Noise contribution of a single amplifier when the Noise Figure (NF) is known:2. To Sum Identical Carrier/Noise Ratios:See charts
1071. System Gain Over Temperature Ag = Antenna Gain (dB) AT = Antenna Temperature (˚K) LNAT = Low Noise Amp Temperature (˚K)2. Carrier to Nois
108Antenna pointing angles can be calculated in degrees from true north from the following equations:Where ∆ is the absolute value of the difference
109To determine what degree of overall peak-to-valley deviation is acceptable for the Nth amplifier in a cascade, use this formula.Where x is equ
110System Calculations C/N + SSO CSO CTB & XMOD CASCADE (N) 10*LOG(N) 15*LOG(N) 20*LOG(N) 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 3.01 4.52 6.02 3 4
111System CalculationsThe Amplifier Cascade Factor Chart (on previous page) is used to predict performance considering the contribution of various nu
112 -65 -60 -58 20 20 20-3.25 - 3.00 - 2.90 -4 -3 -3 -4 -4 -4 -4System CalculationsNote: Summing different ratios re
55Switch Settings= 0= 2= 3= 4 = 1= 5 = 6 = 7 = 8 = 9 SWITCH 28421OnesTe ns84210 =2 =3 =4 = 1 =5 = 6 = 7 = 8 = 9 = 10 = 11 = 12 = 8421SWITCH 2Te ns One
11320 Log Function Derate Chart (use for CTB and XMOD) diff SUBTRACTION VALUES (dB) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90
11410 Log Function Derate Chart(use for CNR and SSO) diff SUBTRACTION VALUES (dB) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90
115Combining Two X-MOD or CTB Performance Ratings (20 Log)Using dB Subtraction ValuesExample: Combine trunk and bridger CNR to find the resultant CN
116 330 MHz 450 MHz 550 MHz 600 MHz 750 MHz 40 Channels 60 Channels 77 Channels 85 Channels 110 Channels Frequency CTB CSO CTB CSO CT
117 330 MHz 450 MHz 550 MHz 600 MHz 750 MHz 40 Channels 60 Channels 77 Channels 85 Channels 110 Channels Frequency CTB CSO CTB CSO CTB
118Fiber OpticsFiber Loss vs Path Length - Single Mode @1550 nm
119Fiber Optics (SOLID) (DASHED) (STRIPED) 1-1O 11-20 21-30 1 Blue 11 Blue+BlackDash 21 Blue+BlackStripe 2 Orange 12 Oran
120Use the conversion table below, to convert milliwatts (mW) todecibelmilliwatts(dBm). mW dBm mW dBm 0.1 -10.0 2.0 3.01 0.2 -6
121Fiber OpticsTransmitter Design ToolFIBT/MIBT-S3A-8XX&FIBT-10-1550TheoptimalRFinputlevelneededatthetransmitterisbasedonchannelloa
122Fiber OpticsFRDA/FRRA Series RF Attenuation RequirementsTheRFoutputlevelfromtheopticalreceivermodulevariesconsider-ablyoveritsoperatio
66AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorThe Blonder Tongue ATSC/QAM Demodulator is a modular unit that allows the reception and demodulation from a modulated
123LaserPowerMonitorThis jack allows accurate measurements of the optical outputpowerwithastandardvoltmeter.Thevoltageisscaledat
124Fiber OpticsOptical Coupler Design Tool CouplerPorts Ratio Loss(dB) 1x2 50/50 3.6/3.6 40/60 4.7/2.7 30/70 6.0/1.9 20/80 7.9/1
125 EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic CH. CH. Video Audio Video Audio Video AudioT7 none 7.0000 11.5000 NA NA NA NA T8 none 13.
126FrequencyChartsCATVChannels,NorthAmerica EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic CH. CH. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio M 26* 235
127FrequencyChartsCATVChannels,NorthAmerica EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic CH. CH. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio BBB 64 46
128FrequencyChartsCATVChannels,NorthAmerica EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic CH. CH. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio - 107 691
129FrequencyChartsCATVChannels,NorthAmerica EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic CH. CH. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio - 144 913
130FrequencyChartsCATVQAMChannelCenterFrequency-54MHzto860MHz 2 57 3 63 4 695 79 6 85 95 93 96 99 97 105 9 8 111 99 1
131CH. BW(MHz) VIDEO CHROMA AUDIOLoVHF 2 54-60 55.25 58.83 59.75 3 60-66 61.25 64.83 65.75 4 66-72 67.25 70.8
132 CH. BW(MHz) VIDEO CHROMA AUDIOUHF 39 620-626 621.25 624.83 625.75 40 626-632 627.25 630.83 631.75 41 632-638 6
77AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorUnit Front Panel 1. Unit Status Indicator - Provides feedback to user based on the following LED conditions: Solid Gree
133 Channel Channel VisualCarrierAuralCarrier Designation Designation Frequency Frequency Band Standard Ordering MHz MHz IF IF
134 Channel Channel VisualCarrierAuralCarrier Designation Designation Frequency Frequency Band Standard Ordering MHz MHzPALBCh
135 Channel Channel VisualCarrierAuralCarrier Designation Designation Frequency Frequency Band Standard Ordering MHz MHz IV 21
136PALGChannels Channel Channel VisualCarrier AuralCarrier Designation Designation Frequency Frequency Band Standard Ordering MH
137PALDChannels Channel Channel VisualCarrier AuralCarrierDesignation Designation Frequency Frequency Standard Ordering MHz MHz IF
138PALDChannels Channel Channel VisualCarrier AuralCarrierDesignation Designation Frequency Frequency Standard Ordering MHz MHz Z-
139PALKChannels Channel Channel VisualCarrier AuralCarrier Designation Designation Frequency Frequency Standard Ordering MHz MHz IF
140PALKChannels Channel Channel VisualCarrier AuralCarrier Designation Designation Frequency Frequency Standard Ordering MHz MHz DS
141PALIChannelsHRCChannelDesignationStandardIF1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435ChannelDesignationOrderingIF010203040
142PALIChannelsHRCChannelDesignationStandard363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768ChannelDesignationOrdering36373839
8Unit Rear Panel 1. Power Cord Socket - The unit power cord plug socket2. Fuse Holder - 4.0 Amp., 250V DC, Slo Blo fuse3. Module Power/Data Cable
143PALIChannelsUHFChannelDesignationStandardIF2122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152ChannelDesignationOrderingIFU21U22
144PALIChannelsUHFChannelDesignationStandard5354555657585960616263646566676869ChannelDesignationOrderingU53U54U55U56U57U58U59U60U61U62U63U64U65U
145FMBroadcastChannelFrequencies(MHz) Channel Frequency Channel Frequency Channel Frequency 1 88.1 35 94.9 69 101.7 2 88.3 36 95.1
146InternationalChannelStandards Broadcast Color Standard Channel Country System VHFUHF Frequencies Argentina P
147InternationalChannelStandards Broadcast Color Standard Channel Country System VHFUHF Frequencies Israel PAL
148CCIRTelevisionTransmissionCharacteristicsLINES FIELD LINE CHAN. VIDEO VID/SND Freq. Freq. Width B/W Spacing Sideb VEST V
149CableTVChannelFormatNTSCNTSCCompositeVideoWaveform
150USFrequencySpectrum
151FCCAeronauticalBandFrequenciesUsedforCommunicationandNavigation
152NorthAmericanSatelliteC&Ku-Band 61.5°W EchoStar3 Rainbow1 63.0°W EstreladoSul1 65.0°W StarOneC1 70.0°W StarOneC2
9AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorOperating Interface InstructionsBoot-Up Display SequenceWhen the unit is first plugged in for use, the PCM displays the app
153ProgrammingServicesDISHNetwork™Video/AudioProgrammingServiceEchoStarI=148°W,15DBSTranspondersEchoStarII=148°W,10DBSTranspondersE
154ProgrammingServicesDirecTV®Video/AudioProgrammingServicesDirecTV1R=72.5°W,15TranspondersDirecTV4S=101.0°W,32TranspondersDirecTV5
155Conversion FactorsOhm’s Law & Joule’s Law Ohm’s Law Joule’s Law V = IR P = IV V=voltageinvolts P=powerinwatts I=currentina
156Table of Conversions mV dBmV dBµV dBm 0.0010 -60 0 -108.75 0.0011 -59 1 -107.75 0.0013 -58 2 -106.75 0.0014 -57 3 -105.75 0.00
157Table of Conversions mV dBmV dbµV dBm 1.9953 6 66 -42.75 2.2387 7 67 -41.75 2.5119 8 68 -40.75 2.8184 9 69 -39.75 3.1623 10
158Return Loss, Reflection Coefficient, and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) Return Loss Reflec. VSWR Return Reflec. VSWR Loss (dB) Reflec
159Return Loss Ratio (RLR)RLR(dB)VSWRNote:Ina75-Ohmtransmissionline.ThecolumnmarkedLossReflec.,onpage137indicatestheinsertionlo
160Conversion FactorsSignal LevelsPrefixesEnergy/Heat 12,000BTU = OneTon 1Watt/hour = 3.415Btu 1horsepower = 746Watts 1atmosphere
161Conversion Factors 1cubicyard = 27cubicfeet 1cubicinch = 16.38716cubiccentimeters 1cubicmeter = 1.307943cubicyards 1USgallo
162Conversion FactorsLinear 1mile = 5280feet 1mile = 1.60935kilometers 1kilometer = 3280.83feet 1kilometer = 0.621miles 1kilomet
10AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorLoop Display Sequence & Left/Right SequenceAfter the unit has displayed the boot-up sequence it proceeds to t
163Conversion Factors F 0 -1 -2 - 3 -4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 9 - 4 0 -40.0 -40.6 -41.1 -41.7 -42.2 -42.8-43.3 -43.9 -44.4 -45.
164°F = (°C x ) + 32Temperature Conversion Nomograph°C °FFAHRENHEIT, °FCELSIUS, °C95°C = (°F - 32)59KELVIN, °K°K = °C + 273
165Wire Gauge Data (AWG) AWG Diameter Area, circular Ohms per 1000 ft. Weight per mils, d mils, d2 at 20°C, or 68° F 1000 ft. (lbs.) 0000
166Current Ratings for Electronic CablesThemaximumcontinuouscurrentratingforanelectroniccableislimited by conductor size, number of c
167Cable Substitution Chart (Per NEC*)Type MP =MultipurposeCablesType CM =CommunicationsCablesType CL2, CL3 =Class2andClass3RemoteControl,
168Common CATV Symbols
169Common CATV Symbols
170Digital “L-Band” Distribution Symbols
171Digital “L-Band” Distribution Symbols
172Passive & Coaxial Cable CharacteristicsCable and Equalizer Formulas1. CableLossRatioTheratioofcableattenuationattwofrequenciesisapp
11AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorLeft/Right Sequence Details• SNR is displayed when an AQD module locks to an input program channel and indicates the sign
173Cable and Equalizer Formulas3. EqualizerLossatanyFrequencyTo calculate the equalizer loss at any frequency, the followingformulamay
174Cable Loss Conversion ChartUsethischarttofindacablespan’sattenuationatanewfrequencyifyoualreadyknowitsattenuationatonefrequenc
175This equation calculates the percentage of change in cableattenuation(loss)causedbyatemperaturechange:%changeincableloss=1.1%
176Typical Cable Attenuation Chart in dB/100 Feet @ 68°F (20°C)
177Miscellaneous Data & Constants75 Ohm Attenuator Table & Equation Loss T-Attenuator Pi-Attenuator (dB) Resistor (Ohm) Resistor (Ohm)
17875 Ohm Attenuator Table & EquationsTheequationsnecessarytocalculatetheresistancevaluesinohmsforTandPipadAttenuatorsareasfollo
179GhostsGhostsareduplicatesofthereproducedpicturelocatedtotherightorleftofthepicture.Ghostsdisplacedtotheleftaregenerallydue
180Echo Rating Graph
181Signal to Interference Limits Non-Coherent Carriers
182Error Corrections ChartUsethistabletofindtheerrorcorrectionwhenmeasuringlevelswithin10dBofthenoisefloor.Forexample,measuringa
12AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorInteractive & Up/Down SequenceThe interactive menu is easily accessible by depressing the p (UP) or q (DN) arrow ke
183Heterodyne Modulator - Analog
184Heterodyne Processor - Analog
185Broadband RF Network PoweringWhendeterminingthepowersupplylocationinacablesystem,itisimportanttoknowOHM’sLaw,cableloopresistance
186Broadband RF Network Powering6.Determinethevoltageacrossthenextspanofcable.0.75x1.36Ohms=1.02VoltsThereforethevoltageat
187FCC RulesCumulative Leakage IndexCumulative Leakage Index (CLI), also referred to as a “figure of merit” measurement, is a method fo
188FCC RulesCumulative Leakage Index - continuedThe following formula may be substituted to determine the CLI figure of merit. Compliance is attained
189FCC RulesMaximum Leakage LevelsThe following table gives the maximum leakage levels at the given channels and voltage level. Visual 20 µV/M 5
190FCC Rules Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m CH. Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) CH. Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) 55 409.2500 -52.66
191 Visual 20 µV/m 50 µV/m Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m CH. Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) CH. Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) 126 805.2500 -58.54 -50.58
192Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76This section is a summary of FCC specifications that CATV systems are required to meet. This sec
Thank you for requesting our Broadband Reference Guide. We hope you find this latest update helpful as we strive to provide technical
13AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorProgramming a Variable1. Use the t (L) or u (R) arrow navigation keys to scroll to the installed module you desire to ad
193Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Aeronautical Frequency NotificationsCable operators planning to use the frequencies in the
194Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard 4.5 MHz 5 kHz at subscriber terminal & out put of modulating or process
195Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard Not to vary more than 8 dB within any six month interval (measured before the converter
196Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard Within 10 dB of the visual signal on any other channel on a cable system of up
197Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard 10 dB to 17 dB below the associated visual signal level. Baseband converter: 6
198Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard Carrier to noise shall not be less than: 1) 40 dB (June 30,1993-June 30, 1995) 2) 43
199Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard Not less than 18 dB (manufacturer’s specification) and sufficient to prevent
200Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard ± 170 nsNumber Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fra
201Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76Standard Not to exceed ± 10 degreesNumber Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 chan-nel for e
202Broadband Communication Design & Performance StandardsParameter IEEE 802.7 MAP* FCCC/L Delay ± 170 nsDifferential Gain ± 20%Diffe
14AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorVariable DetailsDEMOD MODE: The AQD is capable of locking to a terrestrial (off-air) 8VSB or CATV QAM Annex B mod
203Broadband Communication Design & Performance StandardsParameter IEEE 802.7 MAP* FCCSignal Leakage 76.605(a)12 54 MHz 15 µV/m @ 54 to 216
204Wavelength & Antennas1. VerticalantennaseparationAntennasfordifferentfrequenciesmountedonacommonmastshouldbeseparatedbyatleast
205Dipole Antenna EquationsShownbelowisatypicalhalf-wavedipoleantenna.TheradiationpatternofaHertzdipoleantennaisperpendiculartothe
206Multiplexers
207Antenna General InformationFactors Which Determine The Quality Of Reception:A) DistancetotransmitterB) HeightoftransmittingantennaC) Tran
208Antenna StackingMethods to Increase Received Signal LevelNOTE:RefertoAntennaSpacingChartfordimensions
209Antenna SpacingMounting Channelized Antennas on the Same MastNOTE:RefertoAntennaSpacingChartfordimensions
210Antenna Spacing ChartDimensionsareininchesDimension Notes:A) Theminimum horizontal spacing between thetower structu
211Antenna PhasingSignalNullingInstructions:1. Determineangle“φ“usingafieldstrengthmeter,compass,andasinglechannelantenna.2. Locatea
212Pre-Amp Noise Figure vs. Carrier To Noise (4 MHz BW)Input Signal Noise Figure (dB) Level 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10-30 27 26 25 24 23
15AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorTUNE CHANNEL: The Tune Channel command allows a user to select the desired program from the list of available channels fro
213System PlanningHeadend HVAC ConsiderationsTo maximize equipment reliability and life span, the headend room should be temperature controlled. T
214System PlanningHeadend & Distribution System Construction The System Contractor must adhere to both national and local building cod
215Digital Signal AnalysisDigital signals such as QPSK & QAM use many different factors to determine the quality and performance of the signal. Th
216Digital Signal AnalysisQAM Signal to Noise Ratio The following table depicts the theoretical maximum values for various orders of QAM: Order
217Digital Signal AnalysisThe modulation error is specified as rms and as peak value. To calculate the modulation error, all decisions fiel
218Digital Signal AnalysisFor quantized I/Q values, the peak value is output in discrete form only since no averaging is performed in the calculation.
219Digital Signal AnalysisWhat is a QAM SignalQuadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) uses many different phases known as states: 16, 32, 64, and
220Digital Signal AnalysisThe constellation diagram examples shown are based on 64 QAM modulation and use the following basic settings: maximu
221Digital Signal AnalysisInterferers are understood to be sinusoidal spurious signals occurring in the transmission frequency range and super
222Digital Signal AnalysisCarrier suppression or leakage is a special type of interference in which it’s frequency equals the carrier
16AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorPICTURE SHAPE:The AQD operator can adjust the picture shape to the desired setting for converting 16:9 images to
223Digital Signal AnalysisPhase Jitter or phase noise in the QAM signal is caused by transponders in the transmission path or by the
224 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation A
225 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation A
226 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation A
227 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation A
228Station List State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Af
229 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation C
230 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation C
231 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation C
232 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation C
17AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorOUTPUT VOLUME: The output volume can be adjusted within a range of 0 to 100%.AUDIO MODE: The audio mode command allo
233 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation F
234 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation F
235 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation F
236 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation G
237 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation H
238 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation I
239 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation I
240 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation I
241 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation I
242 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation K
18AQD - ATSC/QAM DemodulatorAQD Quick Set-Up Instruction GuideThe Quick Set-Up instructions are provided as a checklist of the minimum step
243 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation L
244 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation L
245 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation M
246 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation M
247 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation M
248 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation M
249 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation M
250 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation M
251 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation N
252 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation N
19AQM - Agile QAM ModulatorThe AQM is designed to accept a DVB ASI (Asynchronous Serial Interface) digital transport stream and modulat
253 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation N
254 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation N
255 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation N
256 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation N
257 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation O
258 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation O
259 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation O
260 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation O
261 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation P
262 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation P
20AQM - Agile QAM Modulator1. LCD Display - 2 line Liquid Crystal Display screen used to interact with user to display unit information.2. Pus
263 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation S
264 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation T
265 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation T
266 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation T
267 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation T
268 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation T
269 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation U
270 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation V
271 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation W
272 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation W
21AQM - Agile QAM ModulatorMain Interactive SequenceThe main interactive sequence is where all the core module programming is performed. T
273 State City Station NTSC Ch. DTV Companion Final DTV Primary Call Letters (Virtual Ch.) (Pre-2-17-09) (Post-2-17-09) Net Affiliation W
274AcronymsACA Apartment Complex AmplifierAD Agile DemodulatorAM Agile ModulatorAMCM Agile Micro ModulatorAMT Addressable Multi-TapAP Agile Proc
275AcronymsOCA Output Combiner- ActiveRMDA Rack Mounted Distribution AmplifierSE Stereo EncoderSMI Subscriber Module InterdictionTVCB TV Channel
276AcronymsFM Frequency Modulation (88-108 MHz band)HE HeadendHFC Hybrid Fiber CoaxHz HertzIF Intermediate FrequencykHz KilohertzLAN Local Are
277One Jake Brown Rd. Old Bridge, NJ 08857 TEL: 732-679-4000 FAX: 732-679-4353800-523-6049www.blondertongue.comPlease Access our Website for a List of
Rev 8.0
22AQM - Agile QAM ModulatorProgramming a Variable1. When a user arrives at a screen whose variable needs to be changed, the user depresse
Company Profile ... 1Headend Products ... 2
23AQM - Agile QAM ModulatorInterleaverThe Convolutional Interleaver is user selectable. Various choices are available depending on the Opera
24AQM - Agile QAM ModulatorRF OUTThe unit presents a fully modulated QAM RF output. There are two modes that determine the upconversion programming
25AQM - Agile QAM ModulatorBit RateThis is the actual input date rate that the QAM signal is locked to. This is only displayed in the QAM Out Normal M
26AQT - ATSC to QAM TranscoderThe Blonder Tongue ATSC to QAM Transcoder is a modular unit that allows the reception of a modulated 8VSB or QAM
27AQT - ATSC to QAM TranscoderUnit Front Panel 1. Unit Status Indicator - Provides feedback to user based on the following LED indications: Solid Gr
28AQT - ATSC to QAM TranscoderUnit Rear Panel 1. Power Cord Socket - The unit power cord plug socket2. Fuse Holder - 4.0 Amp., 250V DC, Slo Blo fus
29Boot-Up Display SequenceWhen the unit is first plugged in for use, the PCM displays the appro-priate module condition on the LCD readout as depicted
30Loop Display SequenceAfter the unit has displayed the boot-up sequence it proceeds to the loop sequence. In this mode the LCD displays the actual
31AQT - ATSC to QAM TranscoderLeft/Right Sequence DetailsThe Left/Right sequence is where the core variables of the AQT are programmed. It is access
32AQT - ATSC to QAM Transcoder• OUTPUT CATV — permits the entry of the desired output channel number to program the AQT module, tuni
TVCB-PC Installation ... 78SMI System Design ...
33AQT - ATSC to QAM TranscoderEach of the modules are displayed in order by scrolling through the sequence to find the desired variable on a respectiv
34AQT - ATSC to QAM TranscoderInteractive & Up/Down SequenceThe advanced interactive menu is easily accessible by depressing the p (UP) or q
35• INPUT BROWSE — when "activated" the input browse function automatically scans the input signal for the 8VSB/QAM rates as per the chart
36AQT Quick Set-Up Instruction GuideThe Quick Set-Up instructions are provided as a checklist of the minimum steps required to install and pr
37DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorThe Digital to Analog Processor (DAP) is a complete single channel solution for delivering digital television progr
38DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorUnit Front Panel 1. Unit Status Indicator - Provides feedback to user based on the following LED conditions: Solid
39DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorUnit Rear Panel 1. Power Cord Socket - The Unit Power Cord Plug Socket2. Fuse Holder - 1.0 Amp., 250V DC, Slo Blo
40Boot-Up Display SequenceWhen the unit is first plugged in for use, the DAP displays the appro-priate module condition on the LCD readout as depicted
41Main LCD Lock DisplayAfter the unit has displayed the boot-up sequence it will display the main LCD lock display. In this mode the LCD display
42The Unit LED has a backlit feature to illuminate the panel. It will illuminate when any of interactive buttons are pressed. It will auto-matically t
PAL G Channels... 135PAL D Channels ...
43Programming a Variable1. Press the ▲ (UP) or ▼ (DN) arrow navigation keys to scroll to the desired interactive variable. 2. When a user arr
44DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorINPUT CH PLAN:The CHANNEL PLAN mode allows the user to the select the appro-priate frequency mode. This setting ale
45DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorTUNE CHANNEL:The TUNE CHANNEL command allows a user to select the desired program from the list of available channe
46DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorPICTURE SHAPE:The DAP operator can adjust the picture shape to the desired setting for converting 16:9 images to 4:
47DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorCC:EIA-608: This is the Closed Captioning command mode. The Closed Captioning, also known as line 21
48DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorAnalog Output Adjustments (Front Panel)VIDEO LEVEL:With the intended signal source connected and a represen
49DAP - Digital to Analog ProcessorDAP Quick Set-Up Instruction GuideThe Quick Set-up instructions are provided as a checklist of the minimu
50QT - Modular QPSK/QAM TranscoderThe QT Series is a Modular QPSK to QAM Transcoder supporting up to eight QAM Transcoder Modules, interfaced with a P
51QT - Modular QPSK/QAM TranscoderUnit Front Panel 1. Unit Status Indicator - Provides feedback to user based on the following LED conditions: a)
52QT - Modular QPSK/QAM TranscoderUnit Rear Panel 1. Power Cord Socket - The unit power cord plug socket.2. Fuse Holder - 4.0 Amp., 250V DC, Slo Bl
Common CATV Symbols ... 168Digital "L-Band" Distribution Symbols ... 170Pa
5353QPSK/QAM TranscodersBoot-Up Display SequenceWhen the unit is first plugged in for use, the control module interrogates the potential
54QPSK/QAM TranscodersProgramming a VariablePress the Left or Right arrow buttons to access the interactive variables.1. When a us
55QPSK/QAM TranscodersQAM ModesThe transcoders have three QAM modes.NORMAL: The normal QAM mode outputs a 6 MHz QAM modulated signal.OFF:
56QPSK/QAM TranscodersFactory ResetThe units have a “Factory Reset” capability built in that allows a user to erase all the current programming in
57QPSK/QAM TranscodersThe following are the default factory settings the unit will reset to: # 1 OUT CH 101 # 1 INPUT 974 MHz QAM: NORM
58Broadband Amplifier Specifications ChartFREQ. *GAIN *SLOPE NOISE OUTPUT CH.STOCK # MODEL RANGE GAIN RANGE RANGE FIGURE LEVEL LOADING CTB5400-53 BIDA
59Directional Couplers Insertion LossSTOCK #TAPVALUE(dB)SRT-2A21@450 MHz @1000 MHzNO. OFOUTPUTS@450 MHz @1000 MHz1942-41942-81942-111942-141942-171942
60MegaPort ComponentsMegaPort Gateway (MPG)This is the interface between the trunk data network and the coax. Each MPG supports up to 64
61MegaPort Methods of InstallationCase StudyThe diagram below is an example of multiple users situated between amplifiers.AABFB A B20 Users(A
62MegaPort Software Utilities - ConfigIOConfigIO Utility SoftwareConfigIO is an application designed to let the technician see the link stat settings.
Wavelength & Antennas ... 204Dipole Antenna Equations ... 205Mu
63MegaPort ManagerMegaPort Manager Main Screen - with MPO’s installed.Note: Visit the Blonder Tongue FTP Site for the latest software releases and up
64In order to adjust an RF parameter, open the “Configure MPG” dialog box. You can do that by double-clicking the “MPG” node, or by pressing Ctrl+B.
65MegaPort ManagerIO Upstream FrequencyIO Upstream BandwidthIO Upstream Symbol RateIO Upstream ModulationMPG Receiving LevelNote: If US parameter
66MegaPort Manager - TipsBy clicking on the column header of the detail pane, the user can sort in ascending or descending order.To add remove columns
67MegaPort Manager - TroubleshootingHow to verify that the IO is working properlyImportant: All these steps are related to a MPG that has other
68Addressable ProductsAddressable off-premise interdiction can be used in a total deploy-ment where all homes are controlled by interdiction, or a lim
69 HighbandMidbandLowband9461-2(Chs 14-22)(120-170 MHz)600 MHz450 MHz 550 MHz300 MHz216 MHz174 MHz120 MHz9 channels650 MHz9463(Chs 23-45)23 channels
70VMI System DesignVMI Directional Coupler (DC) Table Insertion Loss 0 4 6 8 11 14 17 5 MHz: NA 4.0 3.0 2.1 1.3 1.7 1.1 dB 54 MHz: NA
71VMI System DesignVMI Power ConsumptionVMI Installation 1 Jammer w/2 Jammer w/3 Jammer Volts (VAC) Module Modules Modules 45.00 325 410
7272TVCB Systems DesignInsertion Loss Specifications for Equalizers (EQ)VMI-CEQ8V 860 MHz Equalizers EQ Tilt Comp Loss @ Loss @ Loss @ Loss @
1Company ProfileHave you looked at us lately?Founded in 1950, Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. has been an innovative designer and manufact
73TVCB Systems DesignPower ConsumptionThe TVCB can be powered a number of ways:1. House powered via 120VAC outlet: Power consumption 11.8W @ 24VAC
74TVCB Systems DesignPower SelectionForward AttenuatorPower SelectRF In60/90Aux PowerReturn AttenuatorRF OutEqualizerPower SupplyRF BoardJammer/Contro
75Position A60/90 VACNetwork PoweringPosition B26 VACHouse PoweringP1J 11P1J 12P1J 13P2J 14Feeder PowerP1J 11P1J 12P1J 13P2J 14House Power32P1J 11P1J
76Tightening: Use a criss-cross pattern to tighten the housing bolts. Tighten closure bolts between 5-7 ft. lbs.1432Tightening SequenceTVCB Installa
77TVCB-PC (Parental Controlled) System DesignIK87"E88VWaZIK;ZZYG;G;l$7adX`^c\IK&IK'IK(G;l$7adX`^c\EdlZgIK87EdlZgEVX`IKHA>JG;
78TVCB-PC Installation1. Determine mounting location, install screws for wall mounting bracket2. Determine power source location and power s
79TVCB-PC Installation
80Power Selection - 9110The TVCB-PC can be powered from the RF Input, Subscriber Port, or Auxiliary Port (default). The unit is configured fo
81SMI System Design750 MHz Directional Coupler (DC) Insertion Loss 0.0 291659 Terminating Terminating 1.0 291611 Terminating
82(DC) Coupled Port Loss 0.0 291659 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 291611 0.8 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 378224 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.0 37822
2Headend ProductsA specification summary is provided in this section to aid in installing and setting up common headend equipment. For more
83SMI System Design750 MHz Equalizer Insertion Loss -9.0 562996 2.7 9.1 10.4 -7.5 562995 1.9 7.5 8.5 -6.0 562994 1.4 5.9 6.2 -4.5 562
84SMI System Design4-Port Power Consumption * 35.00 0.09 2.35 0.26 7.74 0.50 14.74 40.00 0.08 2.45 0.23 7.85 0.43 14.25 45.00 0.08 2.
85SMI System Design8-Port Power Consumption * 35.00 0.80 22.58 0.97 28.81 40.00 0.71 22.39 0.84 27.96 45.00 0.62 22.20 0.71 27.11 50.0
86SMI InstallationTorque Patterns1Start Here234561Start Here2344-PORT8-PORT
87SMI InstallationStrand Mount (4-port) ConfigurationsPedestal Mount (4-port) ConfigurationsSignalDirectionForwardSignalJ1InJ2Thru RECOMMENDEDJ2ThruJ1
88SMI InstallationBalancing and AlignmentThe SMI unit has a series of jumpers whose position is determined by the RF and AC status of the unit
89Passing Power to the HomePassing Power to Unused Feeder PortsSome 750 MHz SMI units and subscriber modules are capable of passing 37-90 VAC power t
90LGTC Directional Couplers, Insertion LossAMT System DesignFrequency LTC0 LTC4 LTC7 LTC10 LTC13 LTC16 LTC19 LTC22 LTC25AVE5N/A 3.75 1.67 1.19 0.80 0.
91AMT System DesignLGT 8-Port Tap LossesFrequency LTC0 LTC4 LTC7 LTC10 LTC13 LTC16 LTC19 LTC22 LTC25AVE5103040501003004505506507508601000MAX5103040501
92AMT System DesignAMT Tap LossesFrequency LTC0 LTC4 LTC7 LTC10 LTC13 LTC16 LTC19 LTC22 LTC25AVE5103040501003004505506507508601000MAX51030405010030045
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